On Linux/X11 even when you run a program sandboxed or as a different user if you use a master Xserver the sandboxed program still can listen and modify all your input/output including keyboard/mouse events and window content of every application.
I think the only possibility that comes to mind is creating an ebpf module that sandboxes all filesystem calls and trampolines all ld_open calls.
But then you would have to provide massive amounts of patched/"safe" variants of all kinds of shared libraries which is unfeasible.
But I mean in the xorg use case it would be possible to just provide your own library that fakes the expected returns and sends fake data to the sandboxed applications.
I did a similar thing with barrier (though using LD_PRELOAD, see [1]) on my debian system to force a different behavior.
Source: Am kind of experimenting with ebpf a lot for that use case. C ABIs and SO files are a mess though. A real messy mess.
Not really - it's not sufficiently fine-grained and, besides, you need it to connect to X to display anything.
There were various attempts to improve this situation in the early 2010s, typically using Xnest or Xephyr in conjunction with other sandboxing techniques. I believe Qubes OS followed that approach but it was awkward, limited, had major performance problems, and yet never managed to fully prevent circumvention.
The fact is that the X model was never designed with these threats in mind.
> I believe Qubes OS followed that approach but it was awkward, limited, had major performance problems, and yet never managed to fully prevent circumvention.
Not sure what you are talking about. Qubes offers reliable protection with decent performance, unless you work with graphics. See also: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=49678250
How so? If you can break out of a sandbox then by definition it is not a sandbox.
There are ways to force sandbox jail. For instance, giving processes only a partial view of the computer system. GoboLinux did this years ago via ViewFS (https://linuxphilia.blogspot.com/2009/07/gobolinux-is-linux-... search for ViewFS). There are many other similar solutions, some probably better.
Ask it to build you a simple and deterministic citation checking extension to your IDE that puts source in meta to citations. E.g. color citations green/red depending if they are valid.
Sure, you can always validate what it's saying yourself at any point & you can have it try to make manual verification an easier process to complete via methods such as the above.
No. People have an inner monologue, partial results and ideas and they remember that.
If they've worked some minutes/hours/weeks on something and you ask them why did they do that, they will either answer honestly and truthfully, lie, or say "I missed that/didn't seem important so I just chose something at random".
Perhaps up to 50% of people actually don't have an inner monologue, much like many have aphantasia where they can't actually see anything in their mind either.
That’s not how that works. I don’t usually have an inner monologue either, but I do have an abstract stream of thought. It’s not as if I am always acting on instinct.
If you have examples of studies that verify that people are always aware of the gaps in their memories of why they did things rather than their memories sometimes "filling in the blanks", so to speak, I'd be interested. My impression is that the opposite has a lot more evidence in studies (e.g. around the reliability of eyewitness testimony).
It's not clear to me whether you're aware of a rigorous basis for your claim or you're just inferring based on what you think makes sense, but I can't help but wonder if it's the later, in which case regardless of the mechanism, the outcome certainly seems to resemble what happens with LLMs.
No, I was asking why you were confident that 3 didn't exist because the comment you said before was that people will either recall correct, lie, or not remember. Lying is not the same as remembering incorrectly but not realizing it, so I agree with your relaxed list. I still don't understand how you think this is any different from an LLM though, which will also always give one of the three options you listed just now.
I think this is true with some people, but I don't think this holds true for some (or even most) people across the US (at least not all the folks I've worked with)
Models with reasoning > Instant have an inner monologue and when asked why they did something they can deduce based on that monologue. I have asked things like "what steps did you take" and "what was your reasoning" and the answer matched the thinking output of the model.
>No. People have an inner monologue, partial results and ideas and they remember that.
Yes, but the vast, vast majority of decisions you make either don't take place via an inner monologue, or include details that were not actively/consciously "thought" and reasoned with in your inner monologue.
And yet, when asked why you did something, you're not likely to respond "sorry, that decision was made subconsciously". Instead, you use your inner monologue to try to backfill in a reason why. That reason may be correct, or it may not be. You don't actually know, since you have new data that may be updating your own internal state as you try to rationalize it after the fact.
Actually split brain experiments tells a different story. The left hemisphere actively confabulates, inventing plausible explanations for actions it didn’t initiate, suggesting that much of human self-narrative may be post-hoc storytelling.
> The left hemisphere actively confabulates, inventing plausible explanations for actions it didn’t initiate, suggesting that much of human self-narrative may be post-hoc storytelling.
Sounds like the left hemisphere usually uses something from the right hemisphere to answer those questions and it can't do that if it's been cut off?
We know that our brains are capable of hallucinating due to substances (drugs), being asleep, brain damage (including split brain), hypnosis, etc. Just as RAM damage make your computer do weird shit. That doesn't mean it operates that way normally.
You can't just remove a huge part of a system and then assume that the whole system behaves the same.
Perhaps, but it's also a rather questionable achievement: We've already had several decades of program-output that can match humans with literal brain damage.
If anything, biological comparisons should make us cautious. Consider the vast gulf that still exists between the finest artificial organ/limb versus the OEM parts of natural nanobots.
> Classicist Thomas J. Sienkewicz analyzed additional heroes using Raglan's pattern, including Mithridates VI of Pontus (22 points), Krishna (21 points), Jesus (18 points), Mohammad (17 points), Beowulf (15 points), Buddha (15 points), Czar Nicholas II (14 points), Samson (13 points), Sunjata, the Lion-King of Ancient Mali (11 points), Achilles (10 points), and Harry Potter (8 points).
> So much for all the EdTech startups that want you to use their AI teachers.
Kid pasting the question into ChatGPT and pasting its answer back is not the same as an AI teacher persona.
In my mind an AI teacher can be like a traditional education package (syllabus, material, questions, keeping track of progression) but way more flexible. I don't see no reason why AI teachers shouldn't give Bloom's 2 sigma effect to kids (and adults) very soon.
> In my mind an AI teacher can be like a traditional education package (syllabus, material, questions, keeping track of progression) but way more flexible. I don't see no reason why AI teachers shouldn't give Bloom's 2 sigma effect to kids (and adults) very soon.
I think it's a double-edged sword.
I think some kids will absolutely use it that way, and it turns out to be revolutionary for them. Kids who couldn't afford a tutor now can have one.
But also, there will be kids that think they will do this, and they don't. Instead, they end up talking the AI into letting them off the hook of learning things for themselves, and society pays for the AI tutor while get nothing in return.
When I look at young people today, that's what I see. Some teenagers seem to have a college degree via self-study, while many others have completely fried their brains, while looking into the same devices for the same amount of time.
From someone who doesn't want to associate with it, I think 'anime girl' is fair. Even if people who consume it might (and do) categorize it otherwise.
Different people have different licence preferences. "Why this and not that" questions usually don't spark joy. (Might seem fine for the individual who asks it, but not really in a community.)
https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37036851 - Aug 7, 2023 | 266 comments
reply